Abstract:
In recent years, the attention of most researchers is shifting towards the optimization of
building materials by using local contents, the use of indigenous materials, and local
industrial by-products unique and abundant in certain localities. This study investigates
the effect of sand utilised in cement–laterite interlocking block production in Ghana.
Cement-laterite interlocking blocks were made with lateritic soil replacement with
conventional fine aggregate from 0% to 25% by weight with Hydraform interlocking
block moulding machine. Cement-laterite interlocking blocks without sand (0%) served
as control. The blocks produced were tested to determine their density, compressive
strength, tensile strength, water absorption, erosion and EDS/SEM properties. The
average density of cement-laterite interlocking blocks indicated that as the curing days
increase the density decreases alongside for each percentage of sand content decreases.
The results of both the compressive and tensile strength were almost the same because
only 5% sand replacement achieved the maximum strength above the 0% (control level)
and the rest were below the control level or 0% from 7 days to 28 days curing period.
Water absorption test results after 28 days curing period increased as the sand
percentages increased. Erosion test result after 28 days curing period showed increase
erodability as the sand percentages increased. The EDS results test indicated he
chemical elements of the block such as O, Ca, Si, Al, and Fe. Lastly, the SEM images
of the various percentages of sand showed some pores present in the cement–laterite
interlocking blocks. Therefore, it can be concluded that the sand replacement
interlocking laterite blocks have the potential of supporting the affordable housing
concept in Ghana. The study recommends 5% sand replacement of laterite in producing
cement–laterite interlocking blocks.
Description:
A Dissertation in the Department of Construction and Wood Technology
Education, Faculty of Technical Education, submitted to the School of Graduate
Studies, University of Education, Winneba, in partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the award of Master of Philosophy
(Construction Technology) degree.
SEPTEMBER, 2020