Cost trend of variation orders in district assembly construction projects a case study of Jasikan district assembly

Abstract

Variation orders are an inevitable occurrence in construction projects execution. It is common in all types of construction projects and plays an important role in determining the final cost and time of completion of projects. The study examined cost trend of variation orders in Jasikan District Assembly construction projects. The study used a descriptive research design. Data was collected using structured questionnaire and in-depth interviews. Simple random sampling was used to draw a sample of 30 professional staff, consultants, contractors involved in handling government projects from Jasikan District. The case study approach was used to obtain data from source documents of the completed projects. This allowed an in-depth understanding and help explained the process and the outcome of the analysis of cost trend of variation orders in building construction projects. The study identified the following as dominant factors causing variation orders: changes in the plan or scope by owner, owner instructing for modification or specifications errors and omission in design and change in design by consultants. The significant impacts found included; contractual dispute and claims, cost overrun, productivity degradation, and delays in payment. The impact of variation orders calls for attention to issues of variation in the Jasikan District. The research conclude that increasing in the scope of the works or omission, changes in government policy relating to the project and changes in the quality of materials to be used for projects result in variation orders. It is recommended that careful investigation should be carried out properly by qualified professional staff at the initial stage of projects and adequate planning in advance is required by all stakeholders before work starts at the site.