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Genetics of cerebral malaria: pathogenesis, biomarkers and emerging therapeutic interventions

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dc.contributor.author Nortey L.N.
dc.contributor.author Anning A.S.
dc.contributor.author Nakotey G.K.
dc.contributor.author Ussif A.M.
dc.contributor.author Opoku Y.K.
dc.contributor.author Osei S.A.
dc.contributor.author Aboagye B.
dc.contributor.author Ghartey-Kwansah G.
dc.date.accessioned 2022-10-31T15:04:58Z
dc.date.available 2022-10-31T15:04:58Z
dc.date.issued 2022
dc.identifier.issn 20453701
dc.identifier.other 10.1186/s13578-022-00830-6
dc.identifier.uri http://41.74.91.244:8080/handle/123456789/120
dc.description Nortey, L.N., Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana; Anning, A.S., Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana; Nakotey, G.K., Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana; Ussif, A.M., Department of Forensic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana; Opoku, Y.K., Department of Biology Education, Faculty of Science, University of Education, Winneba, Ghana; Osei, S.A., School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana; Aboagye, B., Department of Forensic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana; Ghartey-Kwansah, G., Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana en_US
dc.description.abstract Background: Cerebral malaria (CM) is a preeminent cause of severe disease and premature deaths in Sub-Saharan Africa, where an estimated 90% of cases occur. The key features of CM are a deep, unarousable coma that persists for longer than 1�h in patients with peripheral Plasmodium falciparum and no other explanation for encephalopathy. Significant research efforts on CM in the last few decades have focused on unravelling the molecular underpinnings of the disease pathogenesis and the identification of potential targets for therapeutic or pharmacologic intervention. These efforts have been greatly aided by the generation and study of mouse models of CM, which have provided great insights into key events of CM pathogenesis, revealed an interesting interplay of host versus parasite factors that determine the progression of malaria to severe disease and exposed possible targets for therapeutic intervention in severe disease. Main Body: This paper reviews our current understanding of the pathogenic and immunologic factors involved in CM. We present the current view of the roles of certain gene products e.g., the var gene, ABCA-1, ICAM-1, TNF-alpha, CD-36, PfEMP-1 and G6PD, in CM pathogenesis. We also present alterations in the blood�brain barrier as a consequence of disease proliferation as well as complicated host and parasite interactions, including the T-cell immune reaction, reduced deformation of erythrocytes and cytoadherence. We further looked at recent advances in cerebral malaria treatment interventions by emphasizing on biomarkers, new diagnostic tools and emerging therapeutic options. Conclusion: Finally, we discuss how the current understanding of some of these pathogenic and immunologic factors could inform the development of novel therapeutic interventions to fight CM. � 2022, The Author(s). en_US
dc.language.iso en en_US
dc.publisher BioMed Central Ltd en_US
dc.subject Blood�brain barrier en_US
dc.subject Cerebral malaria en_US
dc.subject Clumping en_US
dc.subject Infected erythrocyte membrane en_US
dc.subject Mortality en_US
dc.subject PfEMP-1 en_US
dc.subject Rosetting en_US
dc.subject Var gene en_US
dc.title Genetics of cerebral malaria: pathogenesis, biomarkers and emerging therapeutic interventions en_US
dc.type Review en_US


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